Vicky Jonathan
Carcinogenesis is defined as unregulated cell development that has the potential to penetrate and disturb important tissue processes. This malignant process includes the emergence of 'unwanted' gene changes that cause normal cells to convert, such as via over activation of pro-oncogenic pathways and inactivation of tumor-suppressive or anti-oncogenic pathways. It is now recognised that the number of main signalling pathways that govern oncogenesis is restricted; hence, blocking these pathways might lead to a cancer cure. However, practical applications of cancer treatments have fallen short of scientific aspirations. Numerous investigations have showed that many oncogenicsignalling elements have dual functions, promoting or suppressing cancer pathogenesis depending on tissue type, cancer stage, gene dosage, and interactions with other participants in carcinogenesis. The intricacy of oncogenic signalling complicates standard cancer therapy and necessitates extreme caution when developing an anticancer medication approach. With the notion of integrated cancer therapy, we suggest future oncology approaches.
KeywordsOncogenic signaling; Cancer progression; Chemotherapeutic agents; Growth factors; Genetic mutations; Leukemia
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