Dr. Rumi Narayanan
In India, infectious diseases continue to be the leading cause of human and animal morbidity and mortality, which results in significant expenditures for healthcare. There have been numerous epidemics and outbreaks of infectious diseases in the nation. However, significant progress has been made in the past in the fight against major epidemic diseases like cholera, malaria, the plague, and leprosy. Unique patterns of viral disease distribution are revealed by the country's vast terrain, extreme geoclimatic differences, and uneven population distribution. With regard to the emergence of infectious diseases, dynamic interactions between biological, sociocultural, and ecological factors, in addition to novel aspects of human-animal interphase, present additional obstacles. Understanding the impact of factors that are necessary for the emergence of infectious diseases and developing strengthened surveillance systems that can reduce human suffering and death are two of the major obstacles that must be overcome in order to control and prevent emerging and re-emerging diseases. The major emerging and re-emerging viral infections of importance to public health that have already been included in the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme are reviewed in this article.
KeywordsAvian influenza; CCHF; Emerging; India, Nipah virus; Re-emerging; Respiratory viral infections; Rotavirus; Viral diseases; Viral Infections; Hepatitis C virus (HCV); Antiviral treatment
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